ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
English Translation of Persian Metaphors in Iranian Political News Discourse: A Relevance Theory Approach
This study aimed to examine the English rendering of Iranian political news, focusing on the translation of metaphorical expressions. The dataset under study comprised 43 Persian political news stories and their English translations. To extract metaphorical expressions, the researchers exploited the conceptual metaphor theory proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) as the model of the study. Then, relevance theory proposed by Gutt (2000) was utilized to see which type of translation, namely, direct or indirect, was used more frequently by the English translators to transfer the Persian authors’ intentions. The degree to which the translators managed to achieve optimal relevance, considering the cultural, social, and political differences of the original and target audiences, was also checked. The obtained results revealed that the translators used direct translation most frequently to translate Iranian political news successfully. As for the observance of optimal relevance in the selected translation chunks, it was revealed that a more comprehensive study of political news discourse could possibly provide adequate evidence.
https://www.ldpjournal.com/article_128750_a6951400b210de18fc747e8f64b25ece.pdf
2020-12-01
1
10
680793/jldp.2020.128750
Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Direct translation
Indirect translation
Relevance Theory
Fariba
Alibabaei
f_alibabaei@yahoo.com
1
Department of English, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Discourse Patterns of Teacher/Students and Students/Students in EFL Classroom Interactions
The present study investigated the patterns of classroom discourse between teachers and students' interactions used in language classrooms in Iran. 91 pre-intermediate EFL students including, 48 females and 43 males, were selected. The data used in this study included classroom talks which were gathered through triangulation: classroom observation and voice record, and then they were classified according to Tsui’s model (1994). As the results indicate, the overall examination of the classroom discourse provided in this study makes it clear that the observed class talk did exist within four categories of the selected model, namely, initiating, responding, follow-up1, and follow-up 2. In addition to these classroom talk categories, the results also show that most of the class talk is done by teachers, and code-switching also occurred during class time. The findings of this study are expected to be beneficial to language teachers in general and also to those who are interested in the fields of sociolinguistics, sociology of language, and English language teaching.
https://www.ldpjournal.com/article_129842_2152ed4d92137e11dbbf9f9e445a27de.pdf
2020-12-01
11
23
680793/jldp.2020.129842
Discourse Analysis
classroom interaction
Teacher Talk
Student Talk
Code-switching
Mahdi
Mardani
mardani@bkatu.ac.ir
1
Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Gorjizadeh
farzanehgorjizadeh7@gmail.com
2
Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Academic Vocabulary in Tourism Research Articles: A Corpus-Based Study
The present study aimed to establish a Tourism Academic Word List (TAWL) of the most frequently-used tourism academic vocabulary across different sub-disciplines in tourism by examining a written corpus of academic research articles in this field. This study also sought to determine whether and to what extent the words identified as high frequency in the tourism corpus have also been identified as high frequency in West’s (1953) General Service List (GSL) and Coxhead’s (2000) Academic Word List (AWL). The findings revealed that AWL words account for 12.34% of the Tourism Research Articles Corpus (TRAC). In fact, 1002 high frequent academic word families were listed creating Tourism Academic Word List (TAWL) by analyzing a 3.7 million-word corpus. Of the 570 word families in AWL, 469 high frequent words in RAs were determined. Furthermore, 533 word families found to be used frequently in TRAC had not been listed in AWL or West’s (1953) General Service (GSL). Most of the AWL word forms fit into the word families included in Coxhead’s first and second sub-lists. The high word frequency and the wide text coverage of TAWL throughout Tourism RAs proved that TAWL plays an important role in tourism RAs.
https://www.ldpjournal.com/article_131460_3ecb0220b3ffcea7e88741654ae60f20.pdf
2020-12-01
25
44
680793/jldp.2020.131460
Academic Word List (AWL)
Corpus Study
General Service (GSL)
Tourism Academic Word List (TAWL)
Hossein
Heidari Tabrizi
heidaritabrizi@gmail.com
1
Department of English, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehri
Jamalzadeh
m82jamalzadeh@yahoo.com
2
Department of English, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Discourse of Requests: (Im)politeness Strategies in Virtual vs. Actual Life of Iranian EFL Learners
The rapid development of messaging technologies has bridged the gap between teachers and learners and brought a new style in daily social interactions of the individuals, which promoted concerns about the matter of politeness in interacting via different means of communication. This study investigated the politeness strategies and the levels of (im)politeness in requests made by Iranian EFL learners via Telegram, email, and face-to-face interactions. It also investigated the gender differences via these channels of communication. To this end, 56 upper-intermediate EFL learners were randomly selected and their requests made via different means of communication were collected. The content of the requests was analyzed and coded as bald on-record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record strategies. The (im)politeness level was rated as very impolite to over-polite. The data analysis procedure included counting the frequency, calculating the percentage, and a chi-square test. The results indicated that Iranian EFL learners tend to use the positive-politeness strategy more than the others. The findings also showed that the requests made via email were significantly more polite those made in Telegram or face-to-face interactions. The outcomes of the interview revealed that the learners tend to transfer Persian pragmatics in chatting via Telegram. The findings of this study could raise the awareness of EFL practitioners and learners and make them conscious in applying more appropriate strategies in their interactions.
https://www.ldpjournal.com/article_132140_e6b6e08c3573ffad4b344bdecd2c9bde.pdf
2020-12-01
45
60
680793/jldp.2020.132140
Email Interaction
Face-to-face Interaction
Level of (Im)Politeness
Politeness Strategy
Telegram Interaction
Shiva
Grami
shiva.grami@yahoo.com
1
Department of English, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Azizeh
Chalak
azichalak@gmail.com
2
Department of English, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR